What high temperature usually results from short circuits or grounds in windings?

In the context of electrical equipment, particularly transformers and generators, a short circuit or ground fault can lead to excessive current flowing through the windings. This surge in current generates heat due to the electrical resistance of the conductors in the windings. The winding temperature can rise significantly during these events, often reaching dangerous levels.

In thermal terms, the winding is directly connected to the electrical activity occurring within it, meaning that when a fault like a short circuit occurs, it is the winding that experiences the high temperature as a direct consequence of the current flow. This elevated temperature can have significant implications for the integrity and performance of the equipment, potentially leading to damage or failure if not addressed promptly.

The other options presented, while related to the cooling and operational environment of electrical equipment, do not directly denote where the high temperatures from faults are primarily observed. Oil and cooling fluids typically serve as mediums for heat dissipation rather than being the primary areas affected by overheating due to electrical faults. Air can play a role in the cooling process as well, but it is not the specific component where high temperatures directly occur as a result of short circuits.