How much load is typically required to restore frequency by 1 Hz?

Restoring frequency in an electrical grid is a critical process that often requires a specific amount of load reduction or generation increase, measured in percentage terms relative to the system's total load. The range of 6-10% of load is typically identified as the necessary amount to effectively restore frequency by 1 Hz.

This range is guided by the relationship between system frequency and demand. When frequency drops, it generally indicates that the load exceeds generation. To bring the frequency back to its nominal level, either additional generation needs to be brought online or existing loads must be curtailed.

The choice of 6-10% signifies a balance where enough load can be adjusted to allow the system to stabilize without excessively affecting the overall operation. Options outside this range would either suggest too little response, which may lead to insufficient frequency recovery, or too large of a response, which may cause unnecessary disruptions in the system's performance. This alignment is fundamental for maintaining grid stability, ensuring that supply meets demand reliably and efficiently.