When is a Primary Reserve Warning issued?

A Primary Reserve Warning is issued to indicate that the primary reserves available are less than the requirement set for the system but still exceed the synchronized reserve requirement. This situation alerts system operators that while the reserves are insufficient compared to the primary reserve requirement, there is still some buffer of reserves that can be utilized before reaching a critical state.

This warning serves as a proactive measure, enabling operators to take necessary actions to ensure system reliability and stability. It is important to manage reserves effectively, as the primary reserve is essential for responding to sudden changes in load or generation, and any shortfall necessitates immediate attention to avoid a potential reliability issue.

In contrast, other scenarios describe different operational states that do not trigger a Primary Reserve Warning. When primary reserves exceed requirements, it indicates a healthy reserve situation, while having no reserves available would denote a critical or emergency condition, not merely a warning. Similarly, heavy system load alone does not directly invoke a Primary Reserve Warning unless it impacts the reserve levels in conjunction with established requirements.