What is the maximum load percentage that should not be restored at once according to PJM guidelines?

According to PJM guidelines, the maximum load percentage that should not be restored at once is 5%. This involves considerations for maintaining system stability and reliability during the restoration process. Restoring large percentages of load can lead to a sudden surge in demand that the transmission system may not be able to accommodate, potentially causing voltage instability or other operational issues. By restricting the load restoration to a maximum of 5% at a time, PJM helps ensure that the system can manage the load effectively, allows for adequate response from generation resources, and minimizes the risk of cascading failures. In practice, this cautious approach supports the overall reliability of the electrical grid and helps in maintaining a balanced and stable operation during load restoration scenarios.