What is the correct response time for load dump in pre-contingency situations according to limits?

In pre-contingency situations, it's essential to have a rapid response mechanism to address load dumps effectively. The ability to respond within 15 minutes or less is critical for maintaining system stability and reliability. This prompt response time allows operators to take appropriate actions, such as redistributing loads or implementing demand response strategies, to counteract the effects of a sudden drop in load.

While other response times might seem adequate for different contexts, a 15-minute threshold is aligned with the operational standards and protocols within the PJM framework. This timeframe is particularly important because unforeseen load changes can significantly impact grid stability, and acting swiftly ensures that the system remains within safe operational limits. The operational guidelines prioritize this short response window to preclude more severe system disturbances and potential outages.