Under emergency voltage limits in pre-contingency, what is the maximum allowed duration?

The maximum allowed duration under emergency voltage limits in pre-contingency conditions is 5 minutes. This time frame is critical because it ensures that system operators can respond quickly to voltage deviations while maintaining system reliability. During an emergency, operators may need to manage unexpected changes in load or generation without compromising the overall integrity of the power system.

Prolonged deviations beyond this 5-minute period could lead to larger issues, such as equipment damage or cascading failures, thus, the stringent time limit is in place to prompt rapid assessment and corrective measures. This approach balances the operational flexibility needed in emergencies with the imperative to safeguard the transmission system's stability and reliability.