PJM specifies that reactive resources of what voltage must be switched at their direction?

PJM requires that reactive resources of 230 kV must be switched at their direction due to the operational and stability considerations for the transmission system. The 230 kV level is a critical voltage class in the transmission network, where PJM manages voltages and reactive power effectively to maintain reliability and power quality.

At this voltage level, switching reactive resources—such as capacitors and inductors—can significantly influence the voltage profile and support system stability. Proper coordination and control of these resources help mitigate issues like voltage fluctuations and potential cascading failures. Therefore, PJM’s directive to switch resources at this voltage is aligned with their objectives for ensuring a reliable and efficient transmission system.

The other voltage levels identified do not hold the same operational relevance for reactive resource switching within PJM, as the focus on the 230 kV systems reflects a balance between infrastructure capabilities and the practicalities of grid management.